1.11 Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)
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nThis protocol is used by the IP layer to carry out certain functions
associated with network management/status.
nFunctions of the ICMP:
–Error
reporting: why a datagram that was not discarded due
to errors was not delivered to the destination
–Reachability
testing: sometimes certain destinations don’t respond,
an echo message is sent to which the host must respond if it is up.