ICS 54: Brief Notes on Chapter 2: Getting Started

A login session

• login
• User ID and password (passwd)
• Uppercase User ID for login causes uppercase mode
• Run your shell (a command processor)
  sh, csh, ksh, tcsh, bash
• The shell starts by source-ing various files
• Now enter commands which the shell executes
• logout command tells shell
  source appropriate file and
  replace your shell by the login program/command/utility/tool

Some Useful Commands

• passwd
• who
• which
• hostname
• uname -a
• pwd
• man, man man, and man apropos
• date and date +"%Y.%m.%d-%H%M"
• last, last franklin,
  last $USER, and last reboot
• ls /, ls -ilF /, and
  ls -ilF / | more
• ps and ps -ef | more
• cat
• more, head, and tail

Some Other Commands

• write, talk, mesg, wall, mail, and mailx